Old Uyghur

Old Uyghur was a Turkic language spoken in Qocho from the ninth to the fourteenth century and also in Gansu. It evolved from Old Turkic after the Uyghur Khaganate broke up and remnants of its people migrated to Turfan, Qomul (later Hami) and Gansu in the ninth century. The Uyghurs of Turfan and Qomul founded Qocho and adopted Manichaeism and Buddhism, while those in Gansu founded the Ganzhou Uyghur Kingdom and became subjects of the Western Xia. The language was written in several scripts, among them the Old Turkic script, the Old Uyghur alphabet and the Manichaean, Sogdian, Syriac and Brahmi scripts. Its descendant is the Western Yugur language of the Yugurs of Gansu, while in Turfan and Qomul it became extinct after the Muslim Chagatai Khanate conquered and Islamized the region.