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Script

Latin Script

LAT-in
Also Known As Roman Alphabet
Alphabets
Origin from 700 BCE

The Latin script is the most widely used writing system in the world, adapted by the Romans from the Etruscan alphabet, which was itself adapted from a Western Greek alphabet, ultimately tracing back to the Phoenician abjad. It originally had no letters J, U or W, added only in the medieval and early modern periods to distinguish sounds the classical Roman alphabet had left merged with I and V. Its spread beyond Europe follows almost exactly the map of European colonization and Christian missionary activity, which is why languages as different as English, Vietnamese and Swahili all write with the same base letterforms today, each with its own added diacritics or digraphs to cover sounds the original twenty-three Roman letters did not.

Facts
Script Type
Alphabet 1
Directionality
Left to right 1
In Use Since (Year)
from 700 BCE 2
Approximate date of the earliest attested Old Italic forerunners of the Roman alphabet; the alphabet continued developing for centuries afterward.
Connections

Held Differently

Runic Alphabet (Elder Futhark), Scripts

Why this is disputed. Early runes are generally agreed to derive from an Old Italic alphabet, but which one is disputed: Raetic, Venetic, Etruscan and Old Latin have all been proposed; Scandinavian scholars tend to favor Latin itself over the Rhaetic candidates.

Source Wikipedia: Runes (Elder Futhark)

Descends From

Greek Script, Scripts

By way of Euboean Greek colonists and the Etruscan alphabet in Italy, not by direct adoption.

Source The Cambridge Encyclopedia of LanguageDavid Crystal (editor)

Influenced

Cherokee Syllabary, Scripts

Sequoyah, unable to read English, borrowed roughly two dozen letterforms he had seen in a printed English spelling book, along with some Greek and Hebrew derived shapes, but assigned them entirely different Cherokee syllable values. The syllabary is not descended from the Latin alphabet; it borrows some of its shapes without any of its sound values.

Source Cherokee Phoenix
Ogham, Scripts

Why this is disputed. Ogham's origin is scholarly disputed: most scholars favour the Latin alphabet as the model, though the Elder Futhark and the Greek alphabet also have supporters.

Source Wikipedia: Ogham

Long-Form Articles

Script Of

Akan, Languages

Akan is standardly written in a Latin-based orthography (Twi/Fante conventions).

Albanian, Languages
Aymara, Languages

Aymara is standardly written in a Latin-based alphabet.

Azerbaijani, Languages
Basque, Languages

Basque is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Bosnian, Languages

Standard Bosnian is written primarily in the Latin alphabet (Gaj's Latin alphabet).

Catalan, Languages
Cebuano, Languages

Cebuano is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Chichewa, Languages

Chichewa (Nyanja) is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Croatian, Languages
Czech, Languages
Source Omniglot: The Online Encyclopedia of Writing Systems and Languages
Danish, Languages
Dutch, Languages
Enga, Languages
Source Wikipedia: Enga Language
English, Languages
Source Omniglot: The Online Encyclopedia of Writing Systems and Languages
Estonian, Languages
Ewe, Languages

Ewe is standardly written in a Latin-based alphabet with additional IPA-derived letters.

Faroese, Languages

Faroese is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Fijian, Languages

Fijian is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Finnish, Languages
Fon, Languages

Fon is standardly written in a Latin-based alphabet.

French, Languages
Fula, Languages

Fula (Fulani) is standardly written in the Latin alphabet today (historically also in Arabic-derived Ajami script).

German, Languages
Greenlandic, Languages
Source Wikipedia: Greenlandic Language
Guarani, Languages

Guarani is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Haitian Creole is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Hausa, Languages

Modern Hausa is predominantly written in the Latin-based Boko orthography; Ajami (Arabic-based) remains in use for religious and some traditional writing.

Hawaiian, Languages

Hawaiian is standardly written in the Latin alphabet (with the 'okina and kahako).

Hiligaynon, Languages

Hiligaynon is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Hungarian, Languages
Source Wikipedia: Hungarian Language
Icelandic, Languages
Igbo, Languages

Igbo is standardly written in the Latin alphabet (Onwu orthography).

Ilocano, Languages

Ilocano is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Indonesian, Languages
Irish, Languages
Italian, Languages
Kashmiri, Languages

Kashmiri is occasionally romanized, but its official scripts are Perso-Arabic (Jammu and Kashmir) and Devanagari (used in India); recorded here for the Latin-based transliteration convention used in linguistic literature.

Khoekhoe, Languages

Latin augmented with click letters (the Lepsius letters later adopted as IPA symbols) for the language click consonants.

Source Wikipedia: Khoekhoe Language
Kinyarwanda, Languages

Kinyarwanda is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Kirundi, Languages

Kirundi is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Kurdish, Languages

Kurdish is biscriptal: the Kurmanji dialect is standardly written in a Latin-based alphabet.

Latin, Languages
Source Omniglot: The Online Encyclopedia of Writing Systems and Languages
Latvian, Languages

Latvian is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Lithuanian, Languages

Luxembourgish is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Malagasy, Languages

Malagasy is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Malay, Languages

Modern Malay is predominantly written in the Latin-based Rumi script; Jawi, an Arabic-based script, remains official for religious and traditional use in Malaysia and Brunei.

Maltese, Languages
Maori, Languages

Maori is standardly written in the Latin alphabet (with macrons).

Nahuatl, Languages
Navajo, Languages
Source Wikipedia: Navajo Language
Norwegian, Languages
Old English, Languages

Old English came to be written in the Latin alphabet following Christianization, alongside its earlier and parallel use of Anglo-Saxon runes (futhorc).

Old Norse, Languages

Adopted for Old Norse following Christianization in the 11th century, alongside continued runic use.

Source Wikipedia: Old Norse
Oromo, Languages

Oromo is standardly written in the Latin alphabet (Qubee).

Polish, Languages
Source Omniglot: The Online Encyclopedia of Writing Systems and Languages
Portuguese, Languages
Quechua, Languages

Quechua is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Romani, Languages

Romani, where written, most commonly uses the Latin alphabet.

Romanian, Languages
Samoan, Languages

Samoan is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Serbian, Languages

Serbian is officially digraphic: Latin (Gaj Latin alphabet) and Cyrillic are both in standard use.

Sesotho, Languages

Sesotho is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Shona, Languages
Slovak, Languages

Slovak is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Slovenian, Languages

Slovenian is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Somali, Languages

Somali is standardly written in the Latin alphabet (official since 1972).

Spanish, Languages
Source Omniglot: The Online Encyclopedia of Writing Systems and Languages
Sundanese, Languages

Modern Sundanese is standardly written in the Latin alphabet (the historical Sundanese script is now largely ceremonial).

Swahili, Languages

Swahili was earlier written in an Arabic-derived script known as Ajami; Latin-script orthography became standard under European colonial administration and is now near universal.

Source Omniglot: The Online Encyclopedia of Writing Systems and Languages
Swedish, Languages
Tagalog, Languages
Tongan, Languages

Tongan is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Tswana, Languages

Tswana is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Turkmen, Languages

Turkmen is standardly written in the Latin alphabet (official since the 1990s).

Uzbek, Languages

Uzbek is standardly written in the Latin alphabet (official since the 1990s transition from Cyrillic).

Vietnamese, Languages
Source Wikipedia: Vietnamese Language
Waray, Languages

Waray is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Welsh, Languages
Western Desert Language, Languages

No single standardized orthography exists; several Latin-based orthographies are in use across the dialect cluster, so this is recorded as associated rather than holds.

Source Wikipedia: Western Desert Language
Wolof, Languages

Wolof is standardly written in the Latin alphabet today (historically also in Arabic-derived Wolofal script).

Xhosa, Languages

Xhosa is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Yoruba, Languages
Zarma, Languages
Source Wikipedia: Zarma Language
Zulu, Languages

Zulu is standardly written in the Latin alphabet.

Sources
1. Omniglot: The Online Encyclopedia of Writing Systems and Languages
2. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language
David Crystal (editor), Cambridge University Press, 2010
Cherokee Phoenix
Cherokee NationInfluenced: Cherokee SyllabaryView the Source
Wikipedia: Runes (Elder Futhark)
Ancestor Of: Runic Alphabet (Elder Futhark), Origin section
Quote, Ancestor Of: Runic Alphabet (Elder Futhark), Origin section
Scandinavian scholars tend to favor derivation from the Latin alphabet itself over Rhaetic candidates.
View the Source
Wikipedia: Old Norse
WikipediaScript Of: Old Norse, Writing systems sectionView the Source
Wikipedia: Hungarian Language
Wikimedia FoundationScript Of: Hungarian, Infobox, writing system field (Latin script, Hungarian alphabet)View the Source
Wikipedia: Enga Language
Wikimedia FoundationScript Of: Enga, Infobox, writing system field (Latin script)View the Source
Wikipedia: Greenlandic Language
Wikimedia FoundationScript Of: Greenlandic, Lead section, written in the Latin script statementView the Source
Wikipedia: Navajo Language
Wikimedia FoundationScript Of: Navajo, Infobox, writing system field (Latin, Navajo alphabet)View the Source
Wikipedia: Western Desert Language
Wikimedia FoundationScript Of: Western Desert Language, Orthography section, several different orthographies in use statementView the Source
Wikipedia: Vietnamese Language
Wikimedia FoundationScript Of: Vietnamese, Writing system section, chu Quoc ngu Latin-based alphabet statementView the Source
Wikipedia: Khoekhoe Language
Wikimedia FoundationScript Of: Khoekhoe, Writing system section, Latin augmented with click letters statementView the Source
Wikipedia: Zarma Language
Wikimedia FoundationScript Of: Zarma, Writing system section, primarily written in the Latin alphabet statementView the Source
Wikipedia: Ogham
Influenced: Ogham, Ogham, Theories of origin section
Quote, Influenced: Ogham, Ogham, Theories of origin section
The largest number of scholars favour the Latin alphabet as this template, although the Elder Futhark and even the Greek alphabet have their supporters.
View the Source

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