Bavarian German

Bavarian, sometimes called Bavarian German, is an Upper German dialect group native to Bavaria, most of Austria and South Tyrol, with historical footholds in the Sudetenland and western Hungary. Spoken natively by an estimated 12 to 15 million people across roughly 125,000 square kilometers, it is the largest of the German dialect families by both area and number of speakers, though its everyday use has receded among younger, more urban populations in favor of Standard German. Its grammar marks case chiefly on the article rather than the noun and has largely abandoned the simple past tense in favor of the perfect, while its vocabulary preserves a distinctive Hausname system for identifying families by farmstead rather than surname.