Guaicuruan

Guaicuruan comprises ten languages spoken by the Guaycuru peoples across northern Argentina, western Paraguay and Mato Grosso do Sul in Brazil, a historically nomadic people of the Gran Chaco subdued by regional governments only in the 19th century. Its possible link to the Matacoan languages within a broader Mataco-Guaicuru family remains uncertain, but the Guaicuruan languages themselves split cleanly into a Northern branch, Kadiweu, and a Southern branch comprising Pilaga, with about 4,000 speakers, Toba Qom, with about 25,000 speakers, Mocovi, with about 7,000 speakers, and the extinct Abipon.