Scholars whose primary contribution is recovering the meaning of a lost or unread writing system, or the earliest systematic grammatical description of a language. Belongs here: Jean-Francois Champollion, decipherer of Egyptian hieroglyphs; Michael Ventris, decipherer of Linear B; and Panini, whose Ashtadhyayi is the earliest surviving complete systematic grammar of any language. Does not belong here: a scholar working on an already-read script or an already-described language.
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1. Wikipedia: Philology
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Classical philology, a subfield of Classics, studies Classical languages. Classical philology principally originated from the Library of Pergamum and the Library of Alexandria around the fourth century BC during the Hellenistic Period, and was continued by the Ancient Greeks and the Ancient Romans during the Roman Republic and Roman Empire.
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