This group collects the South American Language Families subcategory's genuine language isolates and small, poorly attested or disputed families that do not fall under one of this subcategory's other, more specific groups: Otomakoan, Alacalufan (Kawesqaran), Araucanian (Mapudungun and Huilliche), the Cholon-Hibito grouping, Katukinan, and standalone proposals and isolates such as Mura, Arutani-Sape, Nukak-Kakwa, Ticuna-Yuri, Charruan, Chonan, Guajiboan, Huarpean, Mascoian, Uru-Chipaya, Zamucoan, Peba-Yaguan, Hodi-Saliban, Tiniguan and Chimuan, together with the region's Dutch-based creole languages. A member placed here is disclosed as unclassified, disputed or genuinely independent rather than assigned to a larger family it may not truly belong to.