Language Atlas

How Languages Connect
Sign In
Text size
100%
Theme
Language Family

Illyrian

Eurasian Language Families

Illyrian was an Indo-European language, or possibly a small group of related languages, spoken by the Illyrians of southeastern Europe in antiquity, across territory now covered by Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia. It went extinct sometime between the second and sixth centuries AD and survives only through personal names, place names and occasional glosses recorded in classical sources, with no Illyrian inscriptions or connected texts of its own, which is enough to confirm its Indo-European affiliation but too little to reconstruct it with confidence or settle proposed finer connections to the Albanoid languages or to Messapic. In early modern times the unrelated term Illyrian was also sometimes applied to Serbo-Croatian, a usage that has nothing to do with the ancient language.

Facts
Region
Spoken across Southeast Europe in antiquity, native to what is now Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia, with a linguistic core identified around modern Albania and Montenegro. 1
Proto-Language Status
Illyrian is unattested apart from personal names and place names recorded by classical writers; no proto-language has been reconstructed, and for lack of sufficient evidence the language is conventionally placed in its own branch of Indo-European. 1
Sources
1. Wikipedia: Illyrian Language
Wikipedia
  • Geographic distribution field
    Native to Modern Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia
  • Classification section
    For lack of more information, Illyrian is typically described as occupying its own branch in the Indo-European family tree.
View the Source
Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share a thought.
Reader Challenges (0)
No disputes yet. Spotted an error or a better source? Open the first one.